ある — to exist, to be, to have
ある is the #20 most common word in Japanese, a verb. It means “to exist, to be, to have” and is pronounced [a̠ɾɯ̟].
#20frequency rank
0.55%of everyday Japanese text
Level 1Beginner 1
Forms of ある
| Form | What it is | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| あった | past | existed |
| 有ら | present | exist |
| あら | present | exist |
| 有れ | command | exist! |
| あれ | command | exist! |
| 有られる | passive | be existed |
| あられる | passive | be existed |
| 無い | negative | do not exist |
| 有らぬ | negative | do not exist |
| 有らん | negative | do not exist |
| ない | negative | do not exist |
| あらぬ | negative | do not exist |
| あらん | negative | do not exist |
| 無く | negative | existing (stem form) |
| 無くて | negative | existing (stem form) |
| 有らず | negative | existing (stem form) |
| なく | negative | existing (stem form) |
| なくて | negative | existing (stem form) |
| あらず | negative | existing (stem form) |
| 有ります | polite | |
| あります | polite | |
| 有った | past | existed |
| 有れば | conditional | if ... exist |
| あれば | conditional | if ... exist |
| 有る | alternative, kanji, uncommon | |
| 在る | alternative, kanji, uncommon | |
| 存る | alternative, kanji |